It is not uncommon in this country to hear someone say something like, “America is a country based on Judeo-Christian principles.” Many of us would accede to some such claim. It has the ring of truth about it, but I suspect that the ring of truth depends on the vagueness of each crucial term in the claim, including “based on,” “Judeo-Christian principles,” and “America.” “America,” for example, might stand in here for the Constitution, popular mores, governmental institutions, or extra-Constitutional fundamental political claims, etc. I intend to make this claim precise in a number of ways, and then to ask whether the ring of truth remains. Although I address a considerably narrower claim, that claim is not without interest. If nothing else, I hope the reader will see what an immense task awaits those who wish to defend the claim in its general form.